ATLANTIS
: THE LYBIO-PHOENICIAN EMPIRE OF THE CANARY ISLANDS AND MOROCCO
Picture representing the palace-capital of Atlantis according to Critias.
Unluckly, the Atlantis'
theme is taken mainly with some skepticism among many scholars as such
disappeared advanced civilization did
not leave any trace,
so that it left an open gate to inspire many weird theories about superior
races, extraterrestrials, and so on; such theories
have wrapped up Atlantis
with a certain degree of disdain to some.
The theory that is
receiving more support about the identification of Atlantis, is that of
the Minoan Thalassocracy (the civilization
developed in actual
Crete in the third millenia); this culture fits well with the description
offered by Plato about a developed
civilization ruined
in a night by an earthquake that submerged the island. Thera Island, north
of Crete, is of volcanic nature
and exploded by -1600,
provoking it the abandon of the island's city and the sinking of a third
of the island, fact that caused a tsunami
that might have destroyed
ships and coastal cities of nearer Crete: the Minoan influence and civilization
almost ceased after such event.
It has been suggested
that the islands of Santorin, Crete, and other Aegean islands were the
mythical lost continent of Atlantis, which has
been described briefly
by Plato in his dialogs. The theory furthermore is extended to say that
the advanced civilization described by Plato
as thriving on Atlantis,
was Minoan in origin and that Santorin was one of the many and beautiful
Minoan metropoles that were destroyed
by the volcanic eruption
and the tsunamis.
Water rushed into the
depression left by the volcanic island, and the excess of water rushed
out like a gigantic bore. Tremendous tsunamis
radiated out in all
directions across the Aegean Sea and Eastern Mediterranean with speeds
of up to 350 miles per hour. Undoubtedly, these
waves must have been
tremendous in size and must have destroyed most of the coastal Minoan cities
on Crete and on the surrounding
Cycladic Islands.
Recent archaeological
work on the island of Santorin unearthed, partly submerged below the sea,
a completely intact, 3,500-year-old
Minoan city.
The walls of Knossos
[the unique Minoan palace left, placed in the countryside] were bulged
outward, and large monoliths, several tons
in weight and measuring
6 feet long by 3 feet wide, were moved out of position or are missing altogether.
These effects can only be attributed
to the suction of
receding water waves.
INFO: The waves at
Jaffa-Tel Aviv in the eastern Mediterranean from the explosion/collapse
of Santorine [Thera] were only 7 meters high,
the tsunami might
have been much more high in nearer regions. The ashes that covered half
Crete after the volcanic activity left the
island without crops.
But this theory fails
to explain how is that the Egyptian priests that gave the accounts of Atlantis,
placed the island in the Atlantic
Ocean, beyond the
Columns of Hercules (Gibraltar Strait), or how is that the Atlanteans conquered
from their original area the Maghrib
and Spain, trying
to invade so Egypt and Greece in an eastward direction.
"Histories tell of
a mighty power which unprovoked made an expedition against the whole of
Europe and Asia, and to which your city put
an end. This power
came forth out of the Atlantic Ocean." [Timaeus]
Herodotus (Hist. II:58)
personally saw, in Tyre (Phoenicia), in a temple of Hercules, "two pillars,
one of pure gold, the other of emerald,
which shone with great
brilliancy at night." Such Pillars of Hercules were erected by the Phoenicians
just about everywhere they settled.
But they did it particularly
at crucial straits linking two seas, as was the case of Gibraltar, the
Bosphorus, etc.
Many critics of Atlantis
insist that, besides Plato's dialogues, Timaeus and Critias, there is no
other independent evidence provided by
ancient authorities
on the matter.
IDEA: But there are
no written records about the fall of the Minoan Thalassocracy, just in
front of Egyptians, Greeks, Hittites and Phoenicians.
TARTESSOS AS ATLANTIS ?
And Dicaearchus, too,
and Eratosthenes and Polybius and most of the Greeks represent the Pillars
as in the neighbourhood of the strait.
But the Iberians and
Libyans say that that Pillars are in Gades, for the regions in the neighbourhood
of
the strait in no respect, they say,
resemble pillars.
Others say that it is the bronze pillars of eight cubits in the temple
of Heracles in Gades, whereon is inscribed the expense
incurred in the construction
of the temple, that are called the Pillars; and those people who have ended
their voyage with visiting these
pillars and sacrificing
to Heracles have had it noisily spread abroad that this is the end of both
land and sea. Poseidonius, too, believes this
to be the most plausible
account of the matter. (Strabo).
INFO: The ancient Greeks
erected pillars here and there to have memorial monuments of foundation
(Strabo comments those of Cyrenaica
also per example).
IDEA: If the Pillars
of Hercules were in fact in Cadiz, the relate of Plato would mean then
the country that was rear such pillars, then
representing modern
Andalusia.
Critias: "To his twin
brother, who was born after him [the king Atlas], and obtained as his lot
the extremity of the island towards the Pillars
of Heracles, facing
the country which is now called the region of Gades [Cadiz] in that part
of the world, he gave the name which in the
Hellenic language
is Eumelus, in the language of the country which is named after him, Gadeirus."
IDEA: This account points also that Atlantis was not too far from Cadiz (as the Antartida or India).
At any rate, it was
because the people had learned the character of these regions and that
the estuaries could subserve the same purpose
as the rivers, that
they built cities and other settlements on their banks, just as on the
rivers. Among these cities are Asta, Nabrissa, Onoba,
Ossonoba, Maenoba,
and several others. Again, canals that have been dug in a number of places
are an additional aid, since many are the
points thereon from
which and to which the people carry on their traffic, not only with one
another but also with the outside world. (Strabo).
Since the river [Guadalquivir]
had two mouths, a city was planted on the intervening territory in former
times, it is said,- a city which was
called "Tartessus,"
after the name of the river; and the country, which is now occupied by
Turdulians, was called "Tartessis." Further,
Eratosthenes says
that the country adjoining Calpe is called "Tartessis," and that Erytheia
[island] is called "Blest Isle." (Strabo).
“... [la ciudad de]
Tartessos está en una isla del golfo de su nombre, en el cual desemboca
el río Tartessos, que baña sus murallas después
de pasar por el lago
Lagustino." (Avieno).
INFO: The Guadalquivir's stuary in past centuries had an inner lake and further islands, now almost dissapeared.
INFO: Tartessian remains
have been found in all southern Spain, indicating it a notable influence.
The
ancient cities that included the suffix -ipo are believed to be
cities
of Tartessian origin.
Up to the present moment,
in fact, neither gold, nor silver, nor yet copper, nor iron, has been found
anywhere in the world, in a natural state,
either in such quantity
or of such good quality. (Strabo).
IDEA: The disponibility of such great mineral richneeses would have allowed the existence of an important state in Western Europe.
INFO: To comment that
the ruins of Tartessos city have not been found yet... (and Plato explained
that the capital city sinked after
a cataclism). Also
to be considered the fact that Atlantis was in the Atlantic.
While there are not
volanoes in South Spain, the Canary Islands are of volcanic origin, and
it is known that in past times explosions
of volcanoes provoked
that pasts of the islands sinked, creating that giant tsunamis... that
would have ruined whichever city placed
in the coasts of Andalusia.
THE CANARY ISLANDS AND MOROCCO AS THE SOURCE OF THE MYTH.
INFO: The theory exposed
here has been developed taking into account the clues that Plato gave about
Atlantis' situation, and taking
also into account
geographic and historic facts known.
"There was an island
opposite the strait which you call the Pillars of Hercules [Straits of
Gibraltar], an island larger than Libya [North Africa]
and Asia [Turkey]
combined; from it travellers could in those days reach the other islands,
and from them the whole opposite continent
[America ?] which
surrounds what can truly be called the ocean. For the sea within the strait
we were talking about [Mediterranean Sea]
is like a lake with
a narrow entrance; the outer ocean is the real ocean and the land which
entirely surrounds it is properly termed continent
[America and Europe
combined ?]. On this island of Atlantis had arisen a powerful and remarkable
dynasty
of kings, who ruled the whole
island, and many
other islands as well and parts of the continent; in addition it
controlled, within the strait, Libya up to the borders of Egypt
and Europe as far
as Tyrrhenia [Tuscany and Corsica]. This dynasty, gathering its whole power
together, attempted to enslave, at a single
stroke, your country
[Greece] and ours [Egypt] and all the territory within the strait. It was
then, Solon, that the power and courage and
strength of your city
[Athens] became clear for all men to see. Her bravery and military skill
were outstanding; she led an alliance of Greeks,
and then when they
deserted her and she was forced to fight alone, after running into direst
peril, she overcame the invaders and celebrated
a victory; she rescued
those not yet enslaved from the slavery threatening them, and she generously
freed all others living within the Pillars
of Hercules [so S.
Spain and Morocco might have been keept under Atlantean control]. At
a later time there were earthquakes and floods
of extraordinary violence,
and in a single dreadful day and night all your fighting men were swallowed
up by the earth, and the island of
Atlantis was similarly
swallowed up by the sea and vanished [the text points as if the Greek soldiers
and Atlantis were in different places,
but the catastrophe
afftected both]; this is why the sea in that area is to this day impassable
to navigation, which is hindered by mud just
below the surface,
the remains of the sunken island" [Egyptian priest telling the history
of Atlantis to Solon].
Critias: "To his twin
brother, who was born after him [the king Atlas], and obtained as his lot
the extremity of the island towards the Pillars
of Heracles, facing
the country which is now called the region of Gades [Cadiz] in that part
of the world, he gave the name which in the
Hellenic language
is Eumelus, in the language of the country which is named after him, Gadeirus."
IDEA: If Gades would
be Agadir (in ancient times also was known by such name), then with no
doubt Critias was talking about the Canary
Islands, in front
of Agadir (!), and wich are of volcanic origin. Critias mentioned that
Atlantis exercised power over other nearer islands.
The name "Atlantic
Ocean" and "Atlas Mountains" are to be found only in Morocco, and if the
Canary Islands would rise more, such
islands almost would
belong to the Atlas ranges...
INFO: In whichever case, the Canary Islands are just in front of Cadiz: in a SW direction (1200 km).
IDEA: But no native
cities were found by the Spaniards in the XIV Century, when conquered the
islands, and without cities there
are not civilization...
but as the same account of Plato indicates that at least one city sunked
into the ocean... it could be suspected
that the cities are
not searched... in the right place.
THE GEOGRAPHY
The Canarian Archipelago is constituted by seven major islands, the African continent is just at 100 km from Fuerteventura.
The Hesperides (or
Atlantides) were the seven daughters and lovers of Atlas, the mythic Titan
son of Poseidon (Oceanus) that founded
the city of Atlantis.
Greek myths tell the
legend of the Atlantides, the seven beautiful daughters of the Titan Atlas,
the founding father of Atlantis.
The Atlantides are
also called Pleiades or Hesperides, and personify the seven Islands of
the Blest, which the Greeks obscurely placed
in the Outer Ocean
(Atlantic). These Islands of the Blest became vaguely confused with the
Canary Islands.
"[Atlantis] was the
way to other islands, and from these you might pass to the whole of the
opposite continent which surrounded the true
ocean; for this sea
which is within the Straits of Heracles is only a harbour, having a narrow
entrance, but that other is a real sea, and the
surrounding land may
be most truly called a boundless continent." [Timaeus]
"Now in this island
of Atlantis there was a great and wonderful empire which had rule over
the whole island and several others, and over
parts of the continent,
and, furthermore, the men of Atlantis had subjected the parts of Libya
within the columns of Heracles as far as Egypt,
and of Europe as far
as Tyrrhenia." [Timaeus]
IDEA: The text points implicitly that the Atlanteans had also Morocco... and the unique islands near Morocco... are that of the Canaries.
"All these and their descendants for many generations were the inhabitants and rulers of diverse islands in the open sea" [Critias]
"The whole country
was said by him to be very lofty and precipitous on the side of the sea,
but the country immediately about and
surrounding the city
was a level plain, itself surrounded by mountains which descended towards
the sea; it was smooth and even, and
of an oblong shape,
extending in one direction three thousand stadia [555 km], but across the
centre inland it was two thousand stadia
[370 km]. This part
of the island looked towards the south, and was sheltered from the north."
[Critias]
IDEA: After many oral
transmissions was the plain not in the island but in the continent, so
that it would be in fact the Moroccan Sahel ?
The mountains that
descend towards the sea were not the Atlas ranges ?
VOLCANIC NATURE
Taburiente
National Park in Fuerteventura Island is an evidence of recent volcanic
activity, whichever
hypothetic
ancient remains placed in this area are buried forever.
Altavista spot in Tenerife Island, a volcanic crater.
When the Krakatoa erupted
in 1883, the entire northern portion of the island was blown away, reducing
10 square miles of land with an
average elevation
of about 700 feet to an extensive depression in the sea with a depth of
more than 900 feet below sea level. The sound of
that particular explosion
was heard 3,000 miles away, and the sea was covered with large amounts
of pumice for miles around. It has been
estimated that in
this eruption at least 1 cubic mile of material was blown to a height of
about 17 miles and that the dust was carried several
times around the earth
by air currents, affecting the sun's incoming radiation and the weather
for many years thereafter. Quantities of dust
from Krakatoa precipitated
on the decks of vessels as far as 1,600 miles away. The explosion of this
volcano, furthermore, generated tsunamis
of over 100 feet in
height, which destroyed 295 towns and villages in Western Java and Southern
Sumatra and drowned 36,380 people.
The
geology of Reunion Island (Indic Ocean) evidences
how
a trait of volcanic land slid towards the ocean (by the
loss
of ground stability after the proper growth of the volcano,
or
by the collapse of the self internal structure of the volcano).
An earthquake provoked
the partial sink of the ancient Alexandria in the Nile delta; almost no
written testimonies have been keept for
such event that took
place some 800 years ago. The cause of such sinking was the unstable (sandy)
ground where the city was placed,
which lost its stability
after an earthquake.
Recent research indicates
that stratovolcanoes can move or slide along their bases. Occasional locking
and subsequent sudden slippage
along these internal
zones of weakness, or near the sea floor base, can cause sudden movements
and large earthquakes. Both La Palma
and Hawaii appear
to have such zones of weakness and, as shown, massive flank failures occurred
in the distant past.
At least ten major flank collapses have occurred in the Canary Island chain in the past million years.
There was at least
one known catastrophic collapse on La Palma about 560 ka ago. This was
the Cumbre Nueva giant landslide, which
removed an estimated
200 km3 of the central-western of the island, forming a large embayment.
(Carracedo, et al 1999).
The volcano of Cumbre
Vieja on the island of La Palma was identified as unstable and as a likely
site for a major collapse that would
presumably generate
a mega tsunami (Ward & Day, 2001). A numerical tsunami modeling study
was undertaken by Ward &. Day (2001),
postulating that a
massive landslide, with a volume of up 500 cubic km, could be triggered
by the next major eruption of Cumbre Vieja.
The tsunami could
be high as 35 meters when arriving to the coasts of Spain and Ireland.
At least one catastrophic collapse, the Cumbre Nueva giant landslide, occurred about 560 ka ago. The collapse removed some 200 km3 of the central-western part of La Palma, forming a large embayment. (Carracedo, et al., 1999).
“A lump of rock twice
the volume of the Isle of Man would slide down the unstable western flank
of the mountain at more than 200mph and
travel up to 40 miles
along the sea floor. This would set off the worst tsunami, or giant wave,
ever recorded.” (The Guardian, August 29, 2001)
INFO: The danger is
yet present.
Many coastal towns in the Canary Islands are placed in the plain spots available; picture of Vueltas in Gomera Island.
"At a later time
[after the war] there were earthquakes and floods of extraordinary
violence, and in a single dreadful day and night all your
fighting men were
swallowed up by the earth, and the island of Atlantis was similarly swallowed
up by the sea and vanished; this is why the
sea in that area is
to this day impassable to navigation, which is hindered by mud just
below the surface, the remains of the sunken island"
[Egyptian priest telling
the history of Atlantis to Solon as accounted by Timaeus].
After sinking, the area of Atlantis became difficult to navigate (by the mud left), and remaining only scattered islands in the area.
IDEA: A flank slide provoked by volcanic activity could cause such mud (punice).
IDEA: If a volcanic
event provoked a flank slide in the Canary Islands, such event could have
destoyed first whichever city of the area,
and the following
giant tsunamis would have destroyed by their side wichever coastal city
of the region, including Moroccan cities,
exterminating so the
heading places of a civilization.
La
Palma Island is constituted by three volcanoes, one yet active, so that
the
island could grow even more... or could be reduced in the case
that
a volcanic cone would collapse.
Satellite
image of La Palma Island.
PYRAMIDAL STRUCTURES
The
Guanches constructed cerimonial pyramidal structures.
The
rites included sacrifices practiced in determinated dates.
"All
this including the zones and the bridge, which was the sixth part of
a
stadium in width, they [Atlanteans] surrounded by a stone wall on every
side,
placing
towers and gates on the bridges where the sea passed in." [Critias]
Detail
of a Canarian pyramid.
TECHNOLOGIES AND ECOLOGIES
INFO: Critias, in his
description of Atlantis, accounts that the Atlanteans had cities (10 as
minimum); that tin and copper were used;
that they had a writting
system; that they had written laws; that the island was ruled by 10 akin
dinasties militarly allied; that
the Atlanteans practiced
tauromachies to sacrifice to Poseidon; that elephants inhabited the area;
that Atlantis was very rich in metals and
in crops; that the
Atlanteans used chariots of war pulled by horses; and that they were mighty
sailors and had good ships.
Elephants inhabited in ancient times
South Morocco as these petroglyphs
found in Smara Cave attest.
INFO: The Carthaginians used elephants to attack the Roman exercits, so that 2300 years ago there were elephants available in North Africa.
IDEA: copper and tin
were used since -2400 in South Spain to make the alloy of bronze; chariots
of war are attested by first time in -2700
(by -2000 in Spain,
by -1200 in Morocco); cities and civilization were carried first to South
Spain and to Morocco by the Phoenicians around
-1100 / -850; also
the Phoencians spread there the use of writting. To date to -9600 the Atlantic
Empire is impossible.
INFO: The Phoenicians
founded the first market places in Atlantic Morocco in the XII Century
BC. Some of such colonies placed in
the Atlantic were:
Gadir/Cadiz, Tingis/Tanger, Zilis/Asilah, Lixus/Larache, Sala/Rabat, Safi,
Gadir/Agadir and Mogador/Essaouira.
Evidence has recently
come to light of Phoenician and Carthaginian contact with the Canary Isles
as early as the sixth-century BC
(after the work of
Pablo Atoche Peña).
It seems that the Canary
Islands were discovered first by Phoenician sailors, so that the first
inhabitants of the archipielago arrived already
with Phoenician influences
(they can be included in the African ethnic group known as Lybio-Phoenicians,
which were Phoenicized
Berbers). Pablo Atoche
("CANARIAS EN LA ETAPA ANTERIOR A LA CONQUISTA BAJOMEDIEVAL") point to
around -900 as
the date to be colonized,
first with some small settlements, after a more intensive colonization
after the richness and viriginity present
in such islands.
Each year archaeologists
are discovering new evidences of a Phoenician (or Lybio-Phoenician) past
for the Canary Islands: fish factories,
cemeteries, etc. Moreover
the Lybio-Phoenician inscriptions found in the islands point to the Phoenician
religion: Amon, Yahveh, etc.
It is evident that
many inhabitants made representations of the Punic goddess Tanit, their
types of burial were Semitic (including cremation),
and used oriental
amulets (p.e. the Egyptian beetle).
IDEA: The fact that
the Canary Islands were previsouly uninhabited, keeping then all its explendorous
fauna, forests, banks of fish,
and fertile volcanic
lands in its original state, that would have allowed in few generations
an intense colonization (contrarily to other
Phoenician foundations,
the cities in mainland Africa depended on the collaboration of the natives
to take enough profit from trade as
to mantain the colonies);
moreover, such available and free richness and such colonization quickly
would allowed the creation of cities in
the archipielago,
and that such cities would have been more important and influential in
being more rich than others. Precisely a "proof"
about the existence
of such theoric Lybio-Phoenician cities in the islands... is that none
has been found where THERE MIGHT HAVE BEEN
THERE, the problem
would be that such cities are not attested yet by an unknown cause.
INFO: The Carthaginians founded cities in the Moroccan Atlantic coasts by the V Century BC.
"The Carthaginians ordered that Hanno would sail beyond the Columns of Hercules and that he migh found new cities of Lybio-Phoenicians; and he began his travel along sixty captains which led an expedition that included men and women in a number of 30000". Hanno's Periplus.
IDEA: Why the Carthaginians
might have founded again colonies in Morocco by the VI Century if the Phoenicians
did it previously ??
THE MYTHIC WEALTH OF THE ARCHIPELAGO
The Roman historian
Pliny the Elder called the island Canaria, a reference to the large wild
dogs (from the Latin canis, for dog) which he
reported living on
the island in his 37-volume Natural History: "[The island is] named Canaria
[Gran Canaria], from its multitude of dogs of
a huge size. [Explorers]
said that in this island there are traces of buildings [see below]; that
while they all have an abundant supply of fruit
and of birds of every
kind, Canaria also abounds in palm-groves bearing dates and in conifers;
that in addition to this there is a large supply
of honey, and also
papyrus grows in the rivers, and sheat-fish; and that these islands are
plagued with the rotting carcasses of monstrous
creatures that are
constantly being cast ashore by the sea [dead whales]."
In times of the phoenician,
the Canary Islands were called "Alizuth" which means joy and happiness,
later, during the greek dominion,
the name was changed
into "Elysius Parayso" - land of illusions and joy. Soon the islands were
known as "Campos Elyseos" (Garden
of Eden), a place
they said, where people lived a sweet and peaceful live, never knowing
rain or snow.
INFO: The Canary Islands
are nowadays a big producer of bananas due to its tropical climatology
and are visited by some ten milion
of tourists each year
by its paradisiac beaches and placid climatology.
The island provided so good crops
of barley that the islanders created granaries to store it.
SHIPS AND CONTACTS
WRITTINGS
It
seems that the Guanches shared the same script with the
Berber
akin tribes.
More
pictures following this link.
CULTURAL TRAITS
The
Guanches, the native original inhabitants of the Canary Islands,
mummified
the deceased kings and buried them inside natural caves.
Above
all in La Palma Island it has been found rocks with inscribed spirals.
Such
motives also are found in Galicia (NW Spain) and in Venezuela.
The origin of the Guanches
remains a mysterious haze. Researchers linked them with the Berbers from
North Africa, but in Charles Berlitz’s
‘The Lost Ship of
Noah’ we read that they told the Spanish that they had always thought they
were alone on the earth and that everyone
else drowned in the
Great Flood. It is not such a big step to link them with Atlantis, because
they believed they once lived in a large land
with cities, fertile
plains and rivers. At a certain moment in time this prosperous empire was
flooded and only a few people managed to
escape death by climbing
on the volcanic top Teide. The Canary Islands would be the highest peaks
of this sunken civilization.
“For when there were
any survivors, as I have already said, they were men who dwelt in the mountains;
and they were ignorant of the art
of writing, and had
heard only the names of the chiefs of the land, but very little about their
actions” [Critias]
The Canary Islands
had three main cultural facies: the first is a stone age culture, then
it was substituted by an iron age culture (iron and
bronze were used to
make armours), and this culture was followed after by an stone age culture:
there was a cultural regression.
Around 100 BC, a Roman
author and geographer that listened to the name Marcellus, wrote that the
legend of Atlantis was still being
preserved on a group
of islands in the Atlantic Ocean. In 450 AD Proculus Diadochus, in an attempt
to verify what Marcellus had written
so many centuries
ago, went on a journey to the Islands of the Blessed or Fortunate Islands,
located at only a day sailing off the coast
of Mauretania.
The contact between
the Canary Islands and the rest of the world was broken coinciding with
the beginning of the Dark Ages that followed
the collapse of the
Roman Empire by the V Century; such isolation was keept until the arrival
of the first European explorers in the XIV
Century (Portuguese,
Castilians, Normands, etc.). Obviously, such period was decisive to the
different evolution of the native inhabitants
in respect to their
African neighbours, and could explain the cultural involution suffered.
The religion of the
Guanches tried to prevent tectonic disasters. In their culture there was
a group of holy virgins, called the Harimagada.
Every year this group
jumped in the sea and drowned. With this voluntary offer they tried to
prevent that their island would sink in the sea.
IDEA: From where came such idea, that an Island could sink ? Evidently, from a past experience.
Many writers who investigated the problem of the Guanches were puzzled by the fact that the natives of the Canaries detested the sea, and never sailed it at all. So, it is pertinent to ask, after them, how did the Guanches get to the isolated Canaries in the first place?
IDEA: Could have been
the Atlanteans descendents of Lybio-Phoenicians that dwelt in Moroccan
and Canarian cities, those in the Canaries
disppeared after a
cataclism ? Could have dominated such Atlanteans other Phoencian cities
of the Maghreb and south Spain, so leaving not
a differentiated archeaologic
registry ? Could have taken the refered battle between Atlanteans and Greeks
before that the last got the mastery
of writting ? Critias
would have mentioned facts occurred around -750 ? Could be the Guanches
descendents of Lybio-Phoenician colons
that survived a cathaclism
that left them backwarded (without the ability to construct ships, write,
etc.) ?
The Atlantes conquered
the Western Mediterranean till Genoa in the northern side, and till Tripoly
in the southern side [that would point
also to a conquest
of the intermediate islands]; but before that the frontier was in the Gibraltar
Strait. The Athenians won the battle against
the expanding Atlantes,
which were menacing the interests of Athens.
CONCLUSIONS
The XXII Dinastic Period
(-950 till -712) represented a Dark Age for Egypt: in fact it was ruled
by Lybians. This period started an epoch
of two millenia in
which Egypt was dominated by foreign powers: Assyrians, Babilonians, Persians,
Macedonians, Romans, Byzantines,
and Arabs.
After taking into account
all the historic known facts, and the clues that gives us the legend of
Atlantis... the history would have been so:
Firstly, the superior
navigational skills of the Phoenicians would have allowed them to discover
the Canarian Archipelago by -1100; after
cheeking the possibilities
of the islands, some pristine factories to treat the salt, the banks of
fishes, the wood, etc. would have been
stablished; after
some time a call to colonize the islands, or a natural inmigration would
have carried there Lybio-Phoenician colons from
nearer Morocco around
-900, such colonizers would have adapted the islands to grow the first
cultivations. After some generations,
the wealth of the
islands would have allowed the increase of the population and the presence
of cities. The importance of such cities
would have allowed
to create a militar alliance of Lybio-Phoenician Atlantic cities in the
Canary Islands, Morocco, and even Atlantic
Andalusia (in a similar
way as Athens did). Such wealthness and increase of power would have worried
the Phoenician metropolises,
but surely the commercial
competition over undeterminated regions would have provoked the first quarrels;
then after some time the
hostilities would
have grown so much that there was open war, so that the Atlantic confederation
would have conquered Phoenician
colonies in the Western
Mediterranean coasts (Spain, Algeria, Tunisia, Lybia, Sardiania, Baleares,
etc.). Such situation of unstability,
and the eminent menace
over the metropolitan cities and over the Greek colonies of Cyrenaica,
would have led to a Greco-Phoenician
alliance to expell
the Atlantics and to gain again the economic control of the area, such
alliance would have included the Greeks of Magna
Greece and Egyptians
to defend their westerner frontiers. According to Critias the Athenians
won the battle before that Atlantis sunk...
but the original history
could have been perfectly the contrary: that the militar expansion of the
Atlantics only was stopped by a volcanic
flank slide that would
have ruined whichever Canarian city and whichever Moroccan city that would
have received the posterior giant
tsunami: it is too
coincidence the quick Greek victory and the quick disapparition of the
Atlantean menace, maybe a Greek saw better to
adjudicate to the
Greeks the militar end of Atlantis better to assign it to catastrophic
causes. Also the wealth, the power and even the size
of Atlantis would
have been exagerated in some point of the oral transmission of that history/legend;
maybe a chauvinist Egyptian,
or a chauvinist Greek,
could not credit that a little island in the Atlantic Ocean would have
extended the big menace that Atlantis extended
over his own fatherland
and the Mediterranean. This theoric collapse of Atlantis would have been
around -750. After the disapparition of
the Atlantean menace,
the two principal enemies profited the empty left to gain control over
ancient colonies (Phoenicians), or to acquire
new areas of influence
and trade (NW Spain, S France to the Greeks). By the Atlantean side, the
cities would be ruined, and many lives and
stock would have been
lost, leading it to the almost ceasing of civilization in the area in disappearing
the elites and remaining only herdsmen
in the mountains,
and farmers in the countryside, which would carry what would be a pale
continuation of the anterior splendorous culture,
without the knowledge
of write, without the knowledge of the potters wheel, and without the knowledge
of metalurgy: as the Spaniards
found the natives
in the XIV Century.
Of course everything
written in this conclusion is hypothetical, but it matches perfectly with
the historic, mythic and archaeologic data
available nowadays...
maybe it is needed only to dive somewhat more deeply in the Canary Islands,
or to dig up solidified ashes, or to check
traces of tsunamis
in the Phoenician ruins of Morocco to confirm the theory. If there would
be the same passion for the ancient NE Africa
(Egypt) as for NW
Africa...
AND MORE MYSTERIES...
By 1981 an expedition
lead by Pippo Cappellano found some mysterious basaltic ruins
on the ocean floor near the coast of Lanzarote.
At a depth of about
50 feet and over an area of 900 square feet, they found large flat stones
that look like they were carefully put into place.
These blocks were
followed by wide stone steps. But that’s not all: an undersea wall also
was discovered which was formed by recular
triangular blocks.
Mr. Cappellani and the structures
found undersea;
as all good places where hypothetic
Atlantean buildings
made of basalt (...) have been
found, also Tenerife has
its own misterious "constructions".
INFO: The basaltic
rocks can form geometric structures when suffer high temperatures and pressures,
as per example the formations
of North Ireland.